Elinor Ostrom

August 10th, 2021

• Elinor Ostrom's 8 Principles for Managing a Commons - tragedy of the commons
  • 1. Define clear group boundaries.
  • 2. Match rules governing use of common goods to local needs and conditions.
  • 3. Ensure that those affected by the rules can participate in modifying the rules.
  • 4. Make sure the rule-making rights of community members are respected by outside authorities.
  • 5. Develop a system, carried out by community members, for monitoring members’ behavior.
  • 6. Use graduated sanctions for rule violators.
  • 7. Provide accessible, low-cost means for dispute resolution.
  • 8. Build responsibility for governing the common resource in nested tiers from the lowest level up to the entire interconnected system.